Published by: Rishu Ranjan

College: Asian Law College

Female genital mutilation (FGM) is a cultural tradition that involves the partial or total removal of
external female genitalia, often performed on young girls between infancy and adolescence. This
traditional procedure has been practiced for centuries, primarily in parts of Africa, the Middle East, and
some Asian countries. It is important to shed light on this deeply-rooted issue, as FGM has severe
physical and psychological repercussions for the girls enduring it. Overview of Female Genital Mutilation
FGM encompasses various procedures, ranging from the removal of the clitoral hood to more extensive
removal of the clitoris and labia, and sometimes infibulation, where the vaginal opening is narrowed.
These practices are often carried out by traditional practitioners in unhygienic conditions, using crude
tools, without anesthesia, and without the consent of the girls involved.

Key words= female genital mutilation, women empowerment, health, physical
and emotional impact.

PHYSICAL CONSEQUENCES
The physical consequences of FGM can be devastating. Immediate complications can include severe
pain, bleeding, shock, and infections. Long-term consequences encompass chronic pain, scarring, urinary
and menstrual trouble, complications during childbirth, and an hype the risk of HIV transmission. The
severity of these outcomes depends on the type and extent of the FGM procedure.

PSYCHOLOGICAL AND EMOTIONAL IMPACT
Not only does Female Genital Mutilation have profound physical ramifications, but it also leaves deep
psychological scars on its victims. The pain and trauma experienced during the procedure can lead to
long-lasting psychological issues, including anxiety, depression, post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD),
and feelings of shame and worthlessness. These emotional consequences can persist throughout a
woman’s life, significantly affecting her well-being and overall quality of life.

NEED FOR AWARENESS AND EDUCATION
To combat Female Genital Mutilation, it is crucial to raise awareness and educate communities about
the harmful consequences of this practice. By imparting knowledge about the physical and psychological
risks associated with FGM, we can work towards dispelling the misconceptions and cultural beliefs that
perpetuate this harmful tradition. To protect girls from the detrimental effects of FGM, it is essential for
governments to enact robust legislation and enforce strict policies against this practice. Legislation
should aim not only to ban FGM but also to punish those who perform or facilitate these procedures. It
is necessary to create an environment where FGM is deemed unacceptable, rendering it socially and
legally taboo.

ROLE OF HEALTHCARE PROFESSIONALS
Healthcare professionals play a vital role in addressing Female Genital Mutilation. They should receive
comprehensive training to recognize the signs of FGM, provide appropriate medical care for girls and
women who have undergone the procedure, and support efforts to prevent future cases. By fostering
trust and understanding within healthcare systems, we can better protect, educate, and empower
potential victims of FGM.

TABOO IN SOCIETY
The practice of Female Genital Mutilation is deeply embedded in certain cultures and societies,
perpetuated by long-held beliefs and social expectations. However, it is imperative to challenge and
break the taboo surrounding FGM in order to put an end to this harmful practice.In many societies, FGM
is seen as a cultural norm, often associated with marriageability, purity, and social acceptance. Engaging
in conversations about FGM challenges these norms and confronts the societal pressure to conform. By
raising awareness and encouraging open discussions, we can gradually break down the walls of silence
and create an environment where FGM is viewed as a human rights violation rather than a cultural
tradition.

EMPOWERING WOMENS
Promoting gender equality is pivotal in banishing Female Genital Mutilation. By empowering women and
girls through education, access to healthcare, and economic opportunities, we can help them assert
their rights, challenge harmful practices, and advocate for change within their communities. Combating
FGM requires a multifaceted approach that involves collaboration between governments, civil society
organizations, grassroots movements, and individuals. Together, we can work towards creating a
comprehensive support system that empowers survivors, educates communities, and advocates for
changes in cultural practices. To break the cycle of Female Genital Mutilation, efforts should focus on
prevention. This entails working with families, community leaders, and religious institutions to change
social norms and expectations around FGM. By promoting alternative rites of passage and celebrating
female empowerment without resorting to harmful practices, we can foster a cultural shift that ensures
the well-being and rights of future generations.

CONCLUSIONS
Female genital mutilation is a deeply concerning issue that warrants urgent attention and action. By
understanding the physical and psychological impacts of this practice and working collectively to raise
awareness to enforce legislation and challenge societal taboos, we can strive towards eradicating female
genital mutilation and ensuring a future where all women and girls are free from this harmful tradition.